Teaching in the School in Hospital (SiH) in Malaysia: A Literature Review of Challenges and Pedagogical Approaches
Keywords:
School in Hospital (SiH); inclusive education; hospital pedagogy; teaching strategies; student well-beingAbstract
The School in Hospital (SiH) initiative in Malaysia aims to ensure educational continuity and promote student well-being for those undergoing long-term medical treatment. Despite its significance, the SiH programme faces multiple challenges that compromise the quality of teaching and learning. These include limited instructional time, emotionally vulnerable learners, inadequate teacher training and the absence of conventional classroom environments. This literature review synthesises 35 selected studies retrieved from Scopus, Google Scholar, and ResearchGate, with additional references used to enrich and support the discussion. The findings highlight that adaptive, student-centred pedagogical approaches such as edutainment, needs-based learning, self-directed strategies and the teacher as facilitator model enhance both student engagement and emotional resilience. The review is framed by Social Cognitive Theory and grounded in the principles of inclusive education, with an emphasis on teacher self-efficacy and psychosocial support. Although several promising strategies have been identified, the study underscores the urgent need for structured professional development, greater integration of technology and a context-specific pedagogical framework tailored to hospital-based education. This paper offers valuable insights for policymakers, educators and healthcareeducation stakeholders to improve the quality, consistency and equity of teaching and learning within Malaysian hospital settings.
https://doi.org/10.26803/ijlter.24.6.21
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Copyright (c) 2025 Muhammad Al Afiq Amiruddin, Talhah Ajmain @ Jima'ain, Kamarulzaman Abdul Ghani, Siti Nurjanah Mastor Mustafa, Kasmaizun Enuni Mohd Sarji, Siti Aisyah Johan, Nurazmallail Marni, Sara Mohamed Al Ali
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