Do Emotional-Social Intelligence, Caring, Moral Judgment and Leadership of Physical Therapy Students Predict their Clinical Performance?
Keywords:
emotional-social intelligence; caring; moral judgment; leadership; clinical performanceAbstract
Although non-cognitive characteristics are increasingly valued
in physical therapists, their contribution to the development of physical
therapy students has not been well established. The purpose of this
study was to ascertain whether measures of emotional-social intelligence
(ESI), caring, moral judgment and leadership predict clinical
performance of physical therapy students. Sixty physical therapy
students, mean age 21.4 years, from two Masters entry-level programs,
volunteered to participate in the study. At the beginning of their
professional studies (entry), before and after 2 clinical affiliations, and at
the end of their academic programs, the students completed four self-report questionnaires (independent variables): the Caring Ability
Inventory (CAI), the Defining Issues Test (DIT-2) for moral judgment,
the Self-Assessment Leadership Instrument (SALI), and the Bar-On
Emotional Quotient Inventory Short (EQ-i:S) for ESI. For each
instrument, higher scores represent higher levels of the construct being
measured. The students were evaluated at each clinical affiliation by
means of the Clinical Performance Instrument (CPI) (dependent
variable). Correlations and regressions were performed to determine the
relationship between the independent variables and the scores on the
CPI. Results indicated that the EQ-i:S Total at entry was the only
independent variable significantly correlated (r=0.25-0.43) with the
average CPI scores (total and selected performance criteria) from the
first two clinical affiliations. The CPI from the final affiliation could not
be used in the analyses because most scores were close to the maximum
score of 100 (mean=98.8). In conclusion, ESI was significantly correlated
to clinical competence, but the non-cognitive measures of ESI, caring,
moral judgment and leadership could not adequately predict the clinical
performance of physical therapy students.
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