From Business Education to Employability: A Tracer Study of Financial Management Graduates at Ifugao State University
Keywords:
business education; curriculum relevance; financial management; graduate employability; tracer studyAbstract
The Financial Management program major is offered in the Bachelor of Science in Business Administration (BSBA) course to address the needs of learners by offering a degree that paves the way for various job opportunities. In pursuit of quality assurance and continuous program improvement, the university has cascaded responsibility to the college to monitor its graduates’ employment statuses and to evaluate the extent to which business education has supported their professional roles. To support this initiative, a quantitative and qualitative approach was adopted, with a modified graduate tracer study descriptive-survey form being administered online to 145 BSBA graduates. Of these, 86 graduates majored in Financial Management from 2021 to 2023, but only 62 responded and completed the survey. The findings reveal a high employability rate (74.2%), with most graduates finding work soon after graduation. However, many initially entered contractual or clerical positions, reflecting the competitive nature of the job market. Based on the survey results, the most significant areas in alumni employability are curriculum content, mode of instruction, student services, facilities and career guidance. As a result, the researchers recommend enhancing the BSBA Financial Management program by increasing curriculum relevance, providing ongoing training and seminars for faculty, strengthening the support available to students, and enhancing administrative services. The findings highlight the importance of continuous program development in equipping graduates with the essential skills needed for long-term professional success, thereby contributing to both regional workforce development and economic growth. Additional recommendations include improving career advice, expanding internship opportunities, and integrating more entrepreneurial and digital skills into the curriculum.
https://doi.org/10.26803/ijlter.24.5.36
References
Abir, T., Islam, R., Ullah, A., & Rahman, S. (2024). Aligning education with market demands: A case study of marketing graduates from Daffodil International University. International Journal of Learning, Teaching and Educational Research, 23(8), 137–157. https://doi.org/10.26803/ijlter.23.8.8
Alera, D. P., & Codod, C. L. (2023). The employability study and employers’ perception of Business administration graduates from a higher state educational institution in the Philippines. Psychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 9(8), 1–1. https://europub.co.uk/articles/the-employability-study-and-employers-perception-of-business-administration-graduates-from-a-higher-state-educational-institution-in-the-philippines-A-728734
Alvarez, M. T. S., & Cammayo, E. U. (2023). A graduate’s employability study of bachelor of science in entrepreneurship of Isabela State University, Philippines. International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education (IJERE), 12(1). https://ijere.iaescore.com/index.php/IJERE/article/view/22841
Amaratunga, D., Baldry, D., Sarshar, M., & Newton, R. (2002). Quantitative and qualitative research in the built environment: application of “mixed” research approach. Work study, 51(1), 17–31. https://doi.org/10.1108/00438020210415488
Apat, E. J. C., & Sumague, J. A. (2019). Non-technical skills: Input to bachelor of science in business administration graduates’ employability. The Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Management, Engineering, Science, Social Science and Humanities (p. 99). https://doi.org/10.26480/svs.04.2019.01.04
Bancoro, J. C. M. (2024). Lived experiences of Bachelor of Science in business administration students in on-the-job training and online classes. Journal of Interdisciplinary Perspectives, 2(9), 1–1. https://doi.org/10.69569/jip.2024.0315
Barrera, R., Salazar, K. J., & Collins, E. (2019). A tracer study of the 2012 to 2016 graduates of the College of Business Administration of LPU Cavite. International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations, 7(1), 626–638. https://www.researchpublish.com/upload/book/A%20Tracer%20Study%20of%20the%202012%20to%202016-7898.pdf
Boden, R., & Nedeva, M. (2010). Employing discourse: Universities and graduate ‘employability’. Journal of Education Policy, 25(1), 37–54. https://doi.org/10.1080/02680930903349489
Cai, Y. (2013). Graduate employability: A conceptual framework for understanding employers’ perceptions. Higher Education, 65, 457–469. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10734-012-9556-x
Chan, S. W., Ahmad, M. F., Zaman, I., & Ko, W. S. (2018). Employers’ perception on important employability skills in the manufacturing industry. International Journal of Engineering & Technology, 7(2.29), 170–175. https://doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i2.29.13311
Commission on Higher Education. (2017). Memorandum order no. 17 series of 2017 contains the Revised Policies, Standards, and Guidelines for Bachelor of Science in Business Administration. CHED. https://chedro1.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/CMO-17-s-2017.pdf
Cornillez Jr, E. E. C., Caminoc, S. R. T., Basas, B. R., Militante Jr, B. T., & Paler, R. R. (2021). Tracer study of teacher education graduates of the eastern Visayas state university-Tanauan campus, Philippines. European Journal of Education and Pedagogy, 2(3), 186–193. https://doi.org/10.24018/ejedu.2021.2.3.143
Dassun, J. R. C., Visperas, A. N., Ramirez, N. C., & Gascon, L. G. L. (2025). Tracking the trajectory: A tracer study on career paths of Bachelor of Science in Business Administration graduates. International Journal of Multidisciplinary Educational Research and Innovation, 3(1). https://doi.org/10.17613/gsep8-jb216
de Jesus, L. F., Galita, W. M., Carranza, M. A. P., & Antonio, L. D. (2025). Education meets employment: Tracing graduate outcomes through the lens of sustainable development goals (SDGs). Journal of Lifestyle and SDGs Review, 5(1), e04185–e04185. https://doi.org/10.47172/2965-730x.sdgsreview.v5.n01.pe04185
Eizaguirre, A., García-Feijoo, M., & Laka, J. P. (2019). Defining sustainability core competencies in business and management studies based on multinational stakeholders’ perceptions. Sustainability, 11(8), 2303. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11082303
Gannaban, M. V. C. (2019). Contributors to the job satisfaction of cbea administrative staffs: A case analysis. International Journal of Advanced Research in Management and Social Sciences, 8(6), 486–494. https://www.indianjournals.com/ijor.aspx?target=ijor:ijarmss&volume=8&issue=6&article=036
Gines, A. C. (2014). Tracer study of PNU graduates. American International Journal of Contemporary Research, 4(3), 81–98. https://www.aijcrnet.com/journals/Vol_4_No_3_March_2014/10.pdf
Hallsago, A. N., & Taja-on, E. (2023). Exploring the professional trajectories of Bachelor of Science in Business Administration graduates of San Isidro College: An in-depth tracer study. School of Education Research Journal, 4(1), 152–166. https://philpapers.org/rec/HALETP-3
Harrast, S., Hayes, G., & McGilsky, D. E. (2014). Integrating an ERP System into the BSBA Curriculum at Central Michigan University-The School of Accounting Experience. International Journal for Quality and Productivity Management, 11(1), 43–55. https://ijqpm.pages.tcnj.edu/files/2014/09/Integrating-an-ERP-System-into-the-BSBA-Curriculum.pdf
Harris, R., & Clayton, B. (2018). The importance of skills–but which skills?. International Journal of Training Research, 16(3), 195–199. https://doi.org/10.1080/14480220.2018.1576330
Hingpit, S. P. (2024). The on-the-job training experiences of business administration students of Philippine Electronics and Communication Institute of Technology Butuan City. JPAIR Multidisciplinary Research, 57(1), 83–112. https://doi.org/10.7719/jpair.v57i1.894
Khalid, M. S., Elbæk, L., & Hansen, R. E. (2019). 21st century employability goals of higher education: Aligning authentic learning goals of courses and self-determination of students. Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics. https://findresearcher.sdu.dk/ws/portalfiles/portal/179010839/0._Spearhead_Project_Report.pdf
Mahinay, W. C., & Litob, M. G. (2024). A tracer study on Bachelor of Science in Business Administration - financial management graduates from academic year 2019 to 2023. EPRA International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, 10(5). https://doi.org/10.36713/epra16734
Malinao, C. W. M., & Ebi, R. G. (2022). Business management competencies as the driver of small-medium enterprises' survival during COVID-19 pandemic. Puissant, 3, 296-315. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/361466758_Business_Management_Competencies_as_the_Driver_of_Small-Medium_Enterprises'_Survival_during_COVID-19_Pandemic
Micabalo, K. G., & Montilla, R. D. (2020). A tracer study on business administration program outcomes. Asian Journal of Engineering and Applied Technology, 9(2), 16-28. https://doi.org/10.51983/ajeat-2020.9.2.1089
Narciso, R. M. C. (2021). Tracer study of BSBA major in human resource management graduates (2017-2020) of UM Tagum College. International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Business Development, 4(5), 700–712. https://doi.org/10.29138/ijebd.v4i5.1462
Natividad, N. C., Quijano, G. A., & Pascua, I. F. (2024). Tracer study of BSBA-marketing management & BS entrep graduates batch 2023 of Nueva Ecija University of Science and Technology–Atate Campus, Palayan City. International Journal of Advanced Engineering, Management and Science, 10(7), 590605. https://doi.org/10.22161/ijaems.107.10
Nudzor, H. P., & Ansah, F. (2020). Enhancing post-graduate programme effectiveness through tracer studies: The reflective accounts of a Ghanaian nation-wide graduate tracer study research team. Quality in Higher Education, 26(2), 192–208. https://doi.org/10.1080/13538322.2020.1763034
Philippine Statistics Authority. (2024, January 9). Unemployment rate in November 2023 was estimated at 3.6 percent. https://psa.gov.ph/statistics/labor-force-survey/node/1684061902
Ramos, R. C., Meneses, J. R. L., & Cruz, L. C. D. (2018). The Bachelor of Science in Business Administration major in Financial Management graduates of Tarlac State University. Review of Integrative Business and Economics Research, 7, 143–154. https://buscompress.com/uploads/3/4/9/8/34980536/riber_7-s3_k18-146_143-154.pdf
Salem, Z. I. (2024). Exploring the matching between the academic curriculum and the labor market skills by graduate tracer studies (Gts). ICERI2024 Proceedings (pp. 4215-4224). IATED. https://iated.org/concrete3/paper_detail.php?paper_id=114059
Sessoms, J. (2020). Addressing the whole student: Benefits of developing the counseling center in Thai higher education. Suranaree Journal of Social Science, 14(2), 133–149. https://doi.org/10.55766/xfei5677
Sharma, V. (2023). Job opportunities and labour market participation: A case study of Jammu City, India. Regional Economic Development Research, 4(2), 121–138. https://doi.org/10.37256/redr.4220233803
Sichone-Phiri, M., & Zangewa, E. (2024). How do investments in human capital development affect SDG outcomes in Malawi? A human capital push scenario: Development Futures Series No. 79. https://doi.org/10.18356/30053307-79
Siraye, Z., Abebe, T., Melese, M., & Wale, T. (2018). A tracer study on employability of business and economics graduates at Bahir Dar University. International Journal of Higher Education and Sustainability, 2(1), 45–63. https://doi.org/10.1504/ijhes.2018.092406
Weerasinghe, I. S., & Fernando, R. L. (2017). Students' satisfaction in higher education. American Journal of Educational Research, 5(5), 533–539. https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2976013
Wickam, M. J., Finley, L. R., & Saeger, K. (2020). Assessing alignment of entrepreneurial spirit to job descriptions seeking business administration or management undergraduates. Journal of Education for Business, 95(8), 527–533. https://doi.org/10.1080/08832323.2020.1715332
Velasco, R. M. (2016). The making of an entrepreneur: aligning institutional paradigm to the industry needs. Journal of Business and Retail Management Research, 10(3). https://jbrmr.com/details&cid=231
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Moraya Caclini Pumihic, Julien Bacnog Binwag

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
All articles published by IJLTER are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial No-Derivatives 4.0 International License (CCBY-NC-ND4.0).